Kev thauj huab cua tau yeej ib qho kev lag luam loj nrog nws cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ceev, nyab xeeb, thiab sijhawm sijhawm, ua rau lub sijhawm xa khoom sai heev thiab ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev txhawb nqa peev nyiaj txiag thiab kev ncig ntawm cov khoom siv logistics. Cov tuam txhab lag luam loj tau ua tiav kev nqis peev hauv ntau lub davhlau los qhia cov khoom thauj khoom thauj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev thauj huab cua yog kim dua li kev thauj mus los hauv hiav txwv thiab muaj lub sijhawm siab. Tus nqi piv ntawm hiav txwv mus rau huab cua thauj yog li 1:10.
1. Yim lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev nug huab cua:
1. Lub npe ntawm cov khoom (txawm nws yog cov khoom txaus ntshai),
2. Qhov hnyav (nrog rau nqi), ntim (qhov loj me thiab seb nws puas yog cov khoom loj),
3. Ntim (txawm nws yog lub thawv ntoo, nrog lossis tsis muaj pallets)
4. Lub tshav dav hlau qhov chaw (txawm nws yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb),
5. Yuav tsum tau lub sij hawm (direct flight or transfer flight),
6. Yuav tsum muaj davhlau (qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev pabcuam thiab tus nqi ntawm txhua lub davhlau),
7. Hom nqi ntawm daim nqi (tus nqi tswv thiab daim ntawv them nqi)
8. Cov kev pab cuam thauj mus los (kev lis kev cai tshaj tawm txoj kev, cov ntaub ntawv hauv chaw ua haujlwm, kev lis kev cai, thiab kev xa khoom, thiab lwm yam)
Kev thauj huab cua tau muab faib ua cov khoom hnyav thiab cov khoom loj. 1CBM=167KG Sib piv qhov hnyav nrog qhov hnyav, qhov twg loj dua yuav raug them. Tau kawg, muaj me ntsis zais cia hauv huab cua freight, uas yuav tsum paub los ntawm cov npoj yaig, thiab nws tsis yooj yim los tham txog ntawm no. Cov neeg tsim khoom uas tsis nkag siab tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm lawv tus kheej.
2. Kev sib xyaw ntawm huab cua freight qauv
Muaj ntau tus neeg ua huab cua freight. Koj puas paub tias tus nqi freight ntawm airlines xam tau li cas? Cov lus qhia luv luv, Kuv vam tias nws yuav pab tau rau txhua tus.
Air freight rate muaj pes tsawg leeg:
1. Airfreight (them los ntawm airlines)
2. Cov nqi roj ntxiv (nyob ntawm lub tshav dav hlau thiab qhov chaw, tus nqi sib txawv. Hong Kong feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 4 yuan tam sim no, 3.6 yuan ua ntej, thiab 4.8 yuan xyoo tas los. Tus nqi yog kho los ntawm tshav dav hlau. Feem ntau, nws yog 2. yuan rau Asia)
3. Tus nqi kuaj xyuas kev nyab xeeb (Hong Kong them tus nqi 1 yuan / kg taag)
4. Tshav dav hlau tus nqi ua haujlwm (Hong Kong yog HKD283 / daim pib, lub tshav dav hlau yog lub luag haujlwm thauj khoom rau lub dav hlau, thiab lwm yam)
5. Tus nqi davhlau ya nyob twg (1.72 / kg thaum cov khoom raug xa mus rau tus neeg muag khoom, tus neeg muag khoom yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev caij nkoj thiab lwm yam, thiab thaum kawg xa mus rau lub tshav dav hlau mus sau)
6. Tus nqi Air master bill HKD15/bl yog tus nqi ntawm kev tshaj tawm cov nqi lading--- daim ntawv pov thawj khoom vaj khoom tsev.
Cov lus qhia saum toj no yog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev suav nqi ntawm feem ntau cov dav hlau, feem ntau yog Hong Kong tshav dav hlau. Hong Kong yog qhov chaw nres nkoj loj tshaj plaws kev lag luam dawb, thiab Hong Kong tshav dav hlau yog lub tshav dav hlau loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, nrog ob peb txwv, ntau yam, thiab ntau lub dav hlau thauj khoom. Muaj 78 lub dav hlau. Muaj ntau tshaj 100 lub davhlau txhua hnub. Yog tias qhov chaw thiab kev pabcuam raug lees paub, nws tuaj yeem yog thawj qhov kev xaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi feem ntau yog kwv yees li 2 yuan siab dua li hauv Suav teb!
3. Cov nqe lus ntawm kev thauj huab cua
1. ATA/ATD (Lub Sijhawm Thaum Tuaj Txog / Lub Sijhawm Tawm Tawm Tawm)
Cov ntawv luv ntawm lub sijhawm tuaj txog / tawm mus.
2. Airway bill (AWB) (AirWaybill)
Cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom lossis lub npe ntawm tus neeg xa khoom yog pov thawj ntawm kev thauj khoom ntawm tus neeg xa khoom thiab tus neeg nqa khoom.
3. Lub hnab nqa tsis tau (lub hnab ntim, Tsis nrog)
Lub hnab nqa khoom uas tsis nqa nrog koj thiab kos rau hauv, thiab lub hnab ntim khoom xa tuaj raws li kev xa khoom.
4. Bonded warehouse (Bonded Warehouse)
Hauv lub tsev khaws khoom no, cov khoom tuaj yeem khaws cia tsis tu ncua yam tsis tau them nqi ntshuam.
5. Tej khoom thauj khoom (Bulk Cargo)
Cov khoom thauj khoom loj uas tsis tau thauj khoom ntawm pallets thiab thauj mus rau hauv cov thawv ntim khoom.
6. CAO (Cargo for Freighter Only)
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm "Cargo aircraft nkaus xwb", txhais tau hais tias nws tsuas yog nqa tau los ntawm lub dav hlau thauj khoom.
7. Nqis Sau
Cov nqi sau los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom tau teev nyob rau hauv daim nqi airway.
8. Nqi them ua ntej
Cov nqi them los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom tau teev nyob rau hauv daim nqi airway.
9. Them Nyiaj
Qhov hnyav siv los xam cov huab cua freight. Qhov hnyav hnyav tuaj yeem yog qhov hnyav hnyav lossis thaum cov khoom thauj khoom thauj khoom thauj, tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm qhov thauj khoom rho tawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus nqa khoom.
10. CIF (Nyiaj, Insurance thiab Freightage)
Nws txhais tau tias "tus nqi, kev tuav pov hwm, thiab kev thauj khoom", uas yog C&F ntxiv rau kev pov hwm yuav los ntawm tus muag khoom rau kev poob thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom. Tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsum kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus nrog tus neeg tuav pov hwm thiab them tus nqi them.
11. Tus neeg xa khoom
Tus neeg uas nws lub npe tau teev nyob rau hauv daim nqi ntawm txoj kev dav hlau thiab tau txais cov khoom xa los ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom.
12. Kev xa khoom
Tus neeg nqa khoom tau txais ib lossis ntau daim ntawm cov khoom thauj los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom ntawm ib lub sijhawm thiab qhov chaw thiab thauj lawv mus rau ib qho chaw twg ntawm ib qho kev thauj mus los.
13. Tus neeg xa khoom
Ib yam li tus neeg xa khoom.
14. Kev sib koom ua ke
Ib pawg ntawm cov khoom thauj los ntawm ob lossis ntau tus neeg xa khoom, txhua tus tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus thauj huab cua nrog tus neeg sawv cev sib sau ua ke.
15. Consolidator
Ib tug neeg los yog lub koom haum uas sib sau cov khoom thauj mus rau hauv cov khoom sib sau ua ke.
Yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog kev thauj huab cua, thov koj xav tiv tauj peb, peb txaus siab los pab koj daws koj cov teeb meem!
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